Corresponding author: Nanang Fakhrudin (
Platelet plays a crucial role in cardiovascular diseases (
The cardiovascular diseases remain the main cause of death globally (
The discovery of antiplatelet agents is a promising approach to treat cardiovascular diseases (
This work aimed to investigate the antiplatelet activity of
Platelet-rich plasma (
The dried leaf powders of
The structure of 2-geranyl-2',3,4,4'-tetrahydroxydihydrochalcone (
The platelet aggregation assay was done using turbidimetry-based method (
A docking study was conducted to examine the affinity of
The isolated active compound was identified as a geranylated chalcone, 2-geranyl-2',3,4,4'-tetrahydroxydihydrochalcone (
1H and 13C NMR spectroscopic data of
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1' | – | 113.86 | – | 113.61 |
2' | – | 165.30 | – | 165.18 |
3' | 6.37 (1H; dd; 2.4Hz) | 103.66 | 6.38 | 103.57 |
4' | – | 162.63 | – | 163.17 |
5' | 6.36 (1H; dd; 2.4Hz) | 107.81 | 6.36 | 108.01 |
6' | 7.57 (1H; d; 8.4Hz) | 132.27 | 7.57 | 132.25 |
C=O | – | 203.87 | – | 204.02 |
Α | 3.10 (2H; t) | 39.81 | 3.10 | 39.68 |
Β | 2.97 (2H; t) | 27.78 | 2.97 | 27.81 |
1 | – | 131.17 | – | 132.09 |
2 | – | 126.03 | – | 126.12 |
3 | – | 142.51 | – | 142.52 |
4 | – | 142.98 | – | 142.74 |
5 | 6.73 (1H; dd; 8Hz) | 112.97 | 6.71 | 112.92 |
6 | 6.71 (1H; dd; 8Hz) | 121.55 | 6.65 | 121.34 |
1" | 3.41 (2H; d) | 25.99 | 3.40 | 25.84 |
2" | 5.17 (1H; t) | 121.80 | 5.17 | 121.86 |
3" | – | 139.03 | – | 138.50 |
4" | 2.04 (2H; m) | 39.69 | 2.04 | 39.63 |
5" | 2.06 (2H; m) | 26.38 | 2.06 | 26.40 |
6" | 5.00 (1H; t) | 123.76 | 5.02 | 123.79 |
7" | – | 132.32 | – | 131.25 |
8" | 1.65 (3H; s) | 25.81 | 1.65 | 25.69 |
9" | 1.79 (3H; s) | 16.35 | 1.78 | 16.30 |
10" | 1.57 (3H; s) | 17.81 | 1.57 | 17.71 |
2'–OH | 12.75 (1H; s) | – | 12.84 | – |
4'–OH | 5.88 (1H; s) | – | 5.81 | – |
3–OH | 5.44 (1H; s) | – | 5.81 | – |
4–OH | 5.33 (1H; s) | – | 5.57 | – |
Structure of 2-geranyl-2ʹ,3,3,4ʹ-tetrahydroxydihydrochalcone (
The antiplatelet activities of the extract and the compound were assessed using the ADP-induced platelet aggregation assay. Fig.
Antiplatelet activities of
To obtain further details regarding the antiplatelet activity of
Curve showing the antiplatelet activity profiles of
A molecular docking study was performed to obtain insights into the interaction between
Putative interactions of ligands and the binding pockets of P2Y12 receptor. The binding modes of
Preventing cardiovascular diseases by providing promising therapeutic agents is a challenge in biomedical sciences.
In this study, we found that
In addition to the inhibitory effect on platelet aggregation,
The
Recent studies and clinical evidence indicated that antagonizing the P2Y12 receptor remains the main target in coronary artery thrombosis as it shows a prolific efficacy (
We found that
We thank Setiono and Miranda Pratiwi for excellent technical assistances. This work was used by KKP, MIT, EFS, and AAD for their thesis to obtain their academic degrees.
This work was financially supported by Deputi Bidang Penguatan Riset dan Pengembangan, Kementerian Riset dan Teknologi / Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional Republic of Indonesia (Hibah PDUPT: 2733/UN1.DITLIT/DIT-LIT/PT/2020).