Review Article
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Article title
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Abstract
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Keywords
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Introduction
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Materials and methods
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Historical overview of the discovery of botulinum toxin
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Pharmacology of botulinum toxin
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Botulinum toxin in medical practice
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Botulinum toxin for the treatment of cervical dystonia
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Botulinum toxin for the treatment of blepharospasm
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Botulinum toxin for the treatment of spasticity after stroke
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Botulinum toxin for the treatment of chronic migraine
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Botulinum toxin for the treatment of hyperhidrosis
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Botulinum toxin for the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases
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Botulinum toxin for the treatment of urinary incontinence
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Botulinum toxin for the treatment of myofascial pain syndrome
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Botulinum toxin in aesthetic medicine
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Botulinum toxin for the treatment of glabellar lines
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Botulinum toxin for the treatment of forehead wrinkles
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Botulinum toxin for the treatment of crow’s feet wrinkles
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Botulinum toxin for the treatment of marionette lines
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Botulinum toxin for eyebrow lift and reduction of gummy smile
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Botulinum toxin for the treatment of platysmal band
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Special requirements after botulinum toxin administration
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Clinical manifestations of botulinum toxin intoxication
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Diagnosis and differential diagnosis of botulism
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Differential diagnosis
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Management of botulinum toxin intoxication
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Future perspectives and further research on the applications of botulinum toxin
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Conclusion
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Additional information
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References
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