Mean and standard deviation (SD) of MDA levels in various treatment groups: Normal Control (NC), Positive Control (PC), Pre-eclampsia + Nifedipine (PE+NIF), Pre-eclampsia + Olive leaf extract (PE+OLE), and Pre-eclampsia + Nifedipine + Olive leaf extract (PE+NIF+OLE). The error bars represent the standard deviation, highlighting the variability within each group. Significantly reduced MDA levels were observed in the PE+NIF+OLE group (yellow) compared to other groups, indicating the potential efficacy of the combined intervention in mitigating oxidative stress associated with pre-eclampsia.